The granite processing process transforms raw stone blocks into finished products like countertops, tiles, or monuments. Here's a step-by-step breakdown:
1. Quarrying
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Extraction: Granite blocks are cut from bedrock using diamond-wire saws, drilling, or controlled explosives.
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Block Sizing: Blocks are typically cut into 2-3m³ sizes (weighing 15-30 tons) for transport.
2. Block Transportation
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Moved to processing plants via heavy machinery and trucks.
3. Primary Cutting (Slabbing)
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Gang Saws: Large blocks are sliced into slabs (2-3 cm thick) using diamond-tipped blades.
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Multi-Blade Saws: Cut multiple slabs simultaneously.
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Water is used for cooling and dust control.
4. Resin Application
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Strengthening: Slabs are coated with epoxy resin to fill natural fissures and enhance durability/color.
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Curing: Resin hardens under UV light or heat.
5. Polishing
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Automated Polishing Lines: Slabs pass through polishing heads with abrasive pads (grit ranges 50 to 3,000).
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Stages: Grinding → Honing → Polishing (achieving glossy/matte finishes).
6. Secondary Cutting & Shaping
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Bridge Saws: Cut slabs to project-specific dimensions.
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CNC Machines: For intricate shapes, edges, sink cutouts, and engraving.
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Edge Profiling: Beveled, rounded, or ogee edges crafted with routers.
7. Quality Control & Inspection
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Visual checks for color consistency, cracks, and finish quality.
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Calibration to ensure precise thickness (±1mm).
8. Finishing Touches
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Honing: Matte finish for slip resistance.
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Flameing: Textured surface using high heat.
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Sealing: Application of penetrating sealant for stain resistance.
9. Packaging & Shipping
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Slabs/products are crated in wooden frames with protective foam.
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Labeled for destination and installation.
Key Machinery Used:
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Wire Saws (quarrying)
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Gang Saws (slabbing)
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CNC Routers (shaping)
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Automatic Polishers
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Bridge Saws (precision cutting)
Waste Management:
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Recycling: Slurry (water + stone dust) is filtered/reused.
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Scrap Use: Fragments become aggregates, terrazzo, or landscaping stones.
Modern plants leverage automation for efficiency, but skilled technicians remain essential for quality control and custom work. The entire process emphasizes precision, durability, and enhancing granite’s natural aesthetics.
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